Temple of Amumre and Hypostlye Hall Ap Art History
Fine art Historical Background
This prototype from the 250 has 3 distinct photos that go with it: aerial view, hypostyle hall, and a temple plan. Then I figured the easiest fashion to tackle this behemoth slice is to break it downwardly co-ordinate to the images provided past College Board.
FUN FACT: The temple complex at Karnak is ane of the largest religious complexes in the world!
Aeriform View & Temple Plan
The get-go and most striking matter you come across on the aerial view are the pylon gates (seen above). This gateway leads to the first court, an open outdoor infinite, which then confronts you with the second (and taller) pylon gate which brings y'all to the hypostyle hall (this is discussed in the side by side department of the post). Behind the hypostyle hall are various temples and sacred spaces for individual ceremonies. At the very heart of the temple complex was a sanctuary for the statue of the god Amun-Ra and where his daily rituals took place. Most of these sacred areas would have been open only to temple priests (so this is similar to the function of the White Temple and its zigguart).
Although nosotros exercise not know many of these secret rituals, on special occasions the statue of the god would leave the shrine and travel to other important temples, Deir el-Bahri being one of them (where the mortuary temple of Hatshepsut is located). Certainly the pharaohs, as the link betwixt the gods and mankind, would desire to connect their personal sacred sites with "The Nearly Select of Places" (Ipet-isut), as Karnak was known.
This entire complex is meant to represent physically the creation of the earth: the pylons = the horizon, the roof = the night sky and the columns were decorated with various plants & animals of creation. The temple was fifty-fifty located near the banks of the Nile with its annual flooding symbolizing rebirth and renewal of the earth (Interesting connection to the Sistine Chapel with the Genesis story, does anyone else encounter it????)
Hypostyle Hall
This is a vocabulary give-and-take that volition appear again when we discuss compages throughout fine art history. A hypostyle hall is essentially a hall with many columns (retrieve like a stone forest). The hall at Karnak has 134 massive sandstone columns with the center columns 69 feet alpine (you don't need to memorize these numbers merely it is impressive!) Like nearly things of artifact, these columns would have been brightly painted – what a different feeling that would accept been right!?
This particular hall as well has a clerestory (another super useful vocab word). A clerestory is a gear up of upper story windows that allow calorie-free in; extremely useful before electric light. A clerestory can be built if you have the middle hall (a.grand.a. the nave) taller than the side aisles, allowing the middle hall to have a row of unobstructed windows forth the side. See the image below of a medieval Gothic case of a clerestory from Cologne Cathedral.
Resources
- Khan University: Temple of Amun-Re and the Hypostyle Hall, Karnak
- UCLA, Digital Karnak: Introduction to the Temple of Karnak
- Gardner's Art Through the Ages: A Global History, 15th edition, pgs. 71-73
- Gateways to Fine art: Understanding the Visual Arts, pg. 278
- Ecyclopedia of Ancient Egypt , pgs. 112-115, 324-327
- 100 Landmarks of the World: A Journey to the virtually Fascinating Landmarks around the Globe by Jollands & Fisher, pgs. 180-181
- Archaeology Magazine (May/June 2015): "The Cult of Amun," pg.48-51
- Wonders of the Aboriginal Earth by Walker, pgs. 24-27
Next Fourth dimension: #21 Mortuary temple of Hatshepsut. Near Luxor, Egypt. New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty. c. 1473-1459 BCE. Sandstone, partially carved into a rock cliff, and cerise granite.
Source: https://jisforjourney.com/20-temple-of-amun-re-and-hypostyle-hall/
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